Jacques
Peretti examines assumptions about what is and is not healthy. He also
looks at how product marketing can seduce consumers into buying supposed
'healthy foods' such as muesli and juices, both of which can be high in
sugar.
He
speaks with Simon Wright, an 'organic consultant' for Sainsbury's in
the 1990s, who explains how the food industry cashed in on the public's
concerns around salmonella, BSE and GM crops. By 1999 the organic
industry was worth over £605M, a rise of 232% within two years.
How
did the mainstream food producers compete? Peretti speaks with Kath
Dalmeny, former policy director at the Food Commission, who explains
some of the marketing strategies used by mainstream food producers to keep our custom.
The
programme also explores the impact of successive government initiatives
and health campaigns, such as the proposal of 'traffic light
labelling', the introduction of which the food industry lobbied hard
against.
But in 2012, when we have an Olympic Games sponsored by McDonalds and Coca Cola, has anything changed?
License: Standard YouTube license
Published on Sep 2, 2013
Episode 4 of 4
In the final
instalment of this four-part series, Jacques Peretti asks why the
world's population continues to get fatter, despite the fact that
billions are spent on weight loss
every year. He travels to America to investigate the parallels between
food companies and the tobacco industry and meets the activists battling
to introduce laws to tax fatty and sugary foods - and facing fierce
resistance from industry.
Around the world, obesity levels are
rising. More people are now overweight than undernourished. Two thirds
of British adults are overweight and one in four of us is classified as
obese. In the first of this three-part series, Jacques Peretti traces
those responsible for revolutionising our eating habits, to find out how
decisions made in America 40 years ago influence the way we eat now.
Peretti
travels to America to investigate the story of high-fructose corn
syrup. The sweetener was championed in the US in the 1970s by Richard
Nixon's agriculture secretary Earl Butz to make use of the excess corn
grown by farmers. Cheaper and sweeter than sugar, it soon found its way
into almost all processed foods and soft drinks. HFCS is not only
sweeter than sugar, it also interferes with leptin, the hormone that
controls appetite, so once you start eating or drinking it, you don't
know when to stop.
Endocrinologist Robert Lustig was one of the
first to recognise the dangers of HFCS but his findings were discredited
at the time. Meanwhile a US Congress report blamed fat, not sugar, for
the disturbing rise in cardio-vascular disease and the food industry
responded with ranges of 'low fat', 'heart healthy' products in which
the fat was removed - but the substitute was yet more sugar.
Meanwhile,
in 1970s Britain, food manufacturers used advertising campaigns to
promote the idea of snacking between meals. Outside the home, fast
food chains offered clean, bright premises with tempting burgers cooked
and served with a very un-British zeal and efficiency. Twenty years
after the arrival of McDonalds, the number of fast food outlets in
Britain had quadrupled.
License: Standard YouTube license
Part 2
Published on Aug 28, 2012
Jacques Peretti investigates how the
concept of 'supersizing' changed our eating habits forever. How did we -
once a nation of moderate eaters - start to want more?
Speaking
to Mike Donahue, former McDonalds Vice President, Peretti explores the
history behind the idea of supersizing. 40 years ago, McDonalds hired
David Wallerstein, a former cinema manager who had introduced the idea
of selling larger popcorn servings in his Chicago cinema. Wallerstein
realised that people would eat more but they didn't like the idea of
appearing gluttonous by going back for seconds. By increasing the
portion sizes and the cost, he could sell more food. In 1972, he
introduced the idea to McDonalds and their first large fries went on
sale.
By the 1980s, we were eating more - and eating more often.
Perretti speaks with industry professionals to examine the story behind
the introduction of value meals, king-size snacks and multi-buy
promotions. How did the advertising industry encourage us to eat more
often?
The programme also explores the developments in dietary
advice - by 2003, the Chief Medical Officer was warning of an 'obesity
time bomb.' Peretti speaks to obesity expert Professor Philip James, who
made recommendations in his 1996 report that the food industry should
cease targeting children in their advertisements. He also speaks with
Professor Terry Wilkin, who led a pioneering study into childhood weight
gain; and former Labour MP David Hinchliffe, who chaired the 2003
Parliamentary Select Committee on Health.
Study Reveals A Simple Mind Trick To Make Your Coffee Taste Better
There are a lot of tricks to make coffee taste better -- adding
cream, sugar or perhaps even some pumpkin spice. But a new study
published in PLOS ONE, an online journal, revealed an even simpler...
A stage of krokodil preparation. Pills of codeine are crushed and mixed with iodine, hydrochloric acid and other chemicals.
Emanuele Satolli for TIME
A stage of krokodil's preparation.
Emanuele Satolli for TIME
Alexey injects krokodil. The effect of the drug lasts about 40 minutes.
About a decade ago, Russian doctors began to
notice strange wounds on the bodies of some drug addicts—patches of
flesh turning dark and scaly, like a crocodile’s—in the hospitals of
Siberia and the Russian Far East. It didn’t take them long to discover
the cause: the patients had begun injecting a new drug they called,
predictably, “krokodil.” (Some accounts suggest the name was derived
from one of the drug’s precursor chemicals, alpha-chlorocodide.)
Videos
showing the effects of the “flesh-eating” drug—christened desomorphine
when it was invented for medical use in 1932—quickly went viral online.
There are now alarming stories that the monster could be at large in the
U.S.
American drug-enforcement
officials say fears of an imminent krokodil epidemic are overblown. But
it’s hard not to be frightened of a drug that leaves a reptilian mark on
its victims. Especially when
it is so easy to make: an addict can cook up krokodil using ingredients
and tools bought from the local pharmacy and hardware store.
The
active ingredient, codeine, is a mild opiate sold over the counter in
many countries. Users mix codeine with a brew of poisons such as paint
thinner, hydrochloric acid and red phosphorus scraped from the strike
pads on matchboxes. The result—a murky yellow liquid with an acrid
stink—mimics the effect of heroin at a fraction of the cost. In Europe, for example, a dose of krokodil costs just a few dollars, compared with about $20 for a hit of heroin. But addicts pay dearly for krokodil’s cheap high. Wherever
on the body a user injects the drug, blood vessels burst and
surrounding tissue dies, sometimes falling off the bone in chunks. That side effect has earned krokodil its other nickname: the zombie drug. The typical life span of an addict is just two or three years.
The
drug quickly became popular among Russian addicts. In 2005, the
country’s counter narcotics agency reported catching only “one-off”
instances of the drug; six years later, in the first three months of
2011, the agency confiscated 65 million doses, up 23-fold from two years
earlier. At its peak that year, krokodil use had spread to as many as a million addicts in Russia.
A
ban on over-the-counter codeine sales that was introduced on June 1,
2012, has brought numbers down sharply, but Emanuele Satolli, an Italian
photographer who has been chronicling a group of Russian addicts, says
many now score that key ingredient on the black market.
For
the past year, Satolli has focused on the industrial city of
Yekaterinburg in the Ural Mountains, a place notorious in Russia for
drug abuse, photographing about a dozen krokodil addicts. The krokodil epidemic may have peaked in Russia, but the drug’s use has already been reported elsewhere.
In October, a report published online in the American Journal of Medicine confirmed
the case of a 30-year-old addict in Richmond Heights, Mo., whose finger
“fell off” and whose skin began to rot after he began injecting
krokodil.
PETA To Johns Hopkins: Stop Using Rodents In Erectile Dysfunction...
Animal advocacy group PETA called Tuesday on the National Institutes
of Health to stop animal experiments related to sexual health,
including Johns Hopkins studies of erectile dysfunction using...
OTTAWA - An environmental group has ranked Canada's five largest
cosmetics companies based on potentially harmful ingredients in their
products.The report from Toronto-based Environmental Defence...
Synthetic Pot Popular Among Teens May Be Linked To Strokes
The Huffington Post
|
By Lydia O'Connor
Get
A synthetic marijuana popular among teens may cause strokes, a University of Southern Florida study found.
USF Neurologists published news of the possible link in the journal Neurology after a brother and sister, 26 and 19, suffered acute ischemic strokes shortly after smoking the synthetic marijuana street drug known as "spice" or K2. The researchers ruled out any undiagnosed genetic condition that would predispose the siblings to strokes at such a young age.
“We rigorously looked for those and didn’t come up with anything,”
senior study author W. Scott Burgin said. “To the best of our knowledge,
what appeared to be heart-derived strokes occurred in two people with
otherwise healthy hearts. So more study is needed.”
Burgin told the Tampa Bay Times that since submitting to the journal, he has seen two more cases of stroke in unrelated patients that were likely spice-induced.
Banned in 43 states and undetectable in toxicology screenings, spice
is made of a mixture of herbs doused in “a solution of designer
chemicals” that mimic a cannabis high when consumed. But Burgin warned
that the synthetic drug can be even more potent than real marijuana
because of the more complete way its psychoactive ingredient binds to
the brain’s cannabinoid receptors.
“You don’t know what you’re getting when you smoke synthetic
marijuana,” Dr. Burgin said of the product sold mostly underground and
without any ingredients list. “It’s like the Wild West of pharmaceuticals, and you may be playing dangerously with your brain and your health.”
This isn’t the first time synthetic marijuana has been linked to
serious health risks. A study in February out of the University of
Alabama at Birmingham linked the product to acute kidney injury.
In spite of the risks, the synthetic cannabis is immensely popular
among teens. A 2011 survey conducted by the National Institute on Drug
Abuse found that second to only real marijuana, it was the most used illicit drug among high school seniors.
While the chemical similarities between synthetic and real pot remain
unclear, the study’s findings may inspire researchers to continue
research into real marijuana’s possible link to strokes. A study out of
New Zealand in February reported a possible increased risk of stroke from cannabis use,
but the findings were widely considered inconclusive because the
researchers did not control for tobacco use, which doubles the risk of
stroke.
“In any event, if marijuana can cause ischemic stroke, and if
anything pot can do spice can do better, neurologists will likely
encounter increasing numbers of spice-associated strokes in the years ahead,” said Columbia University neurology professor John C. M. Brust.
The more severe the pain or illness, the more severe will be the necessary changes. These may involve breaking bad habits, or acquiring some new ones.
For many, negative thinking is a habit, which over time, becomes an
addiction... A lot of people suffer from this disease because negative
thinking is addictive to each of the Big Three -- the mind, the body,
and the emotions. If one doesn't get you, the others are waiting in the
wings.
The little things? The little moments? They aren’t little. JKZ
"The very substance of the ambitious is merely the shadow of a dream." -William Shakespeare
“If you don't feel it, flee from it. Go where you are celebrated, not merely tolerated.”
― Paul F. Davis
"And the Day came when the
risk it took to remain tight in a bud, was even more painful then the
risk it took to blossom"- Anis Nin
Current ratings for:
Supplements 'beneficial' for vitamin D-deficient ballet dancers
It is widely known that a lack of sunlight can sometimes cause a
deficiency in vitamin D. But how does a lack of this vitamin affect
athletes who train indoors, especially during the winter months? To find
out, researchers in the UK studied vitamin D-deficient ballet dancers
and observed whether supplementation helped.
The study, published in the Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport,
was conducted through a collaboration between researchers at the Royal
National Orthopaedic Hospital (RNOH), the University of Wolverhampton
and dancers at the Birmingham Royal Ballet.
These three institutions are founding partners of the National Institute of Dance Medicine and Science (NIDMS).
To conduct their study, the team split 24 elite classical ballet dancers
into two groups. During the 4-month study, one group took oral
supplementation of vitamin D3 to the tune of 2,000 IU per day, while a control group did not take any supplements.
Isometric muscular strength and vertical jump height were measured at
the start and end of the study. Additionally, the in-house medical team
recorded any injuries the dancers experienced.
The researchers found that the dancers who took vitamin D
supplements showed greater improvements in muscle strength and vertical
performance, while also experiencing fewer injuries, compared with the
control group.
Dr. Roger Wolman, consultant in rheumatology, sport and exercise medicine at the RNOH, says:
"Vitamin D
is important for bone development and has a wide range of functions. In
a deficient state, dancers are at increased risk of bone injuries, and
this latest research indicates an increased risk of muscle injury, which
can be detrimental to their health and their careers."
Following on from their findings, the researchers suggest that medical
staff and instructors monitor vitamin D levels in dancers throughout the
whole year and provide supplements for them during winter months.
This can help their serum levels return to normal, they say, ultimately leading to improvement in overall performance.
'Findings could cover other sports'
Ballet dancers from the Birmingham Royal Ballet participated in the
study, which revealed vitamin D supplements improved their muscle
strength and resulted in fewer injuries. Photo credit: RNOH
While a lack of it can lead to bone deformities, such as rickets, we can get it for free from the sun - vitamin D is made by our body under the skin as a reaction to sunlight.
However, individuals who live in areas of the world with low annual
levels of solar irradiation have difficulty getting enough sunlight for
their body to efficiently manufacture the vitamin.
The alternative - vitamin D supplementation - has been widely debated in the medical community.
Still, the researchers from this latest study say supplementation may be the way to go for dancers.
"These findings could also be extrapolated to cover other sports and
training activities that take place indoors," Dr. Wolman adds.
Helen Laws, NIDMS Manager at Dance UK, says:
"Traditionally dancers spend between 6 and 8 hours training indoors for 6
days a week throughout the year, and they need to be able to execute
highly technical movements during high intensity periods of training and
when performing.
This study provides important advice on performance enhancement as well
as offering vital insights into the overall health and well-being of
dancers."
NIDMS, the first specialist dance clinic in partnership with the NHS,
provides a novel approach to the health care of dancers. Injury
treatment of dancers costs the dance sector an average of £900,000 ($1.4
million) each year.
Written by Marie Ellis
Copyright: Medical News Today Not to be reproduced without the permission of Medical News Today.
The influence of winter vitamin D supplementation on muscle function and
injury occurrence in elite ballet dancers: A controlled study, Wyon MA,
Koutedakis Y, Wolman R, Nevill AM, Allen N, Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, published online 2013, Abstract
Please use one of the following formats to cite this article in your essay, paper or report: MLA Ellis, Marie. "Supplements 'beneficial' for vitamin D-deficient ballet dancers." Medical News Today. MediLexicon, Intl., 30 Nov. 2013. Web. 30 Nov. 2013. APA Ellis, M. (2013, November 30). "Supplements 'beneficial' for vitamin D-deficient ballet dancers." Medical News Today. Retrieved from http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/269535.
Please note: If no author information is provided, the source is cited instead.
Rate this article (click to rate)
Supplements 'beneficial' for vitamin D-deficient ballet dancers